2023考研英語解題技巧-段落推斷題技巧

今天我們來學習考研英語閱讀中題型之一——段落推斷題。首先，我們要明白這類題目一般的識別形式，即根據某段可以推斷出什么或者根據某段信息，以下四個選項哪個是正確的。同時，我們還要了解的是該題目是對某段內容的考察，考研閱讀文章為議論文，所以該題目其實就是在考察該段內容，即段落論點。所以我們需要做的就是把我該段論點即可。段落論點常出現在“轉折”、“段首句”、“段末句”等幾個位置，可用于解題。以下題為例：

【例1】

(英一2015年text 3)(Para. 1)The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.

31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that ______.

[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process

[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks

[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis

[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects

先從31題題干識別，為典型的段落推斷題。本段落無轉折，所以可以考慮段首句或段末句，兩個句子結構和難度相當時，我們一般優先段首句，根據段首句信息“《科學》這個雜志在同行評審過程中增加了額外一輪的數據審查”，同義替換B“雜志增強了數據審查”為正確選項。本題解題思路簡單清晰。但除此情況外，還有一些相對比較復雜的題目，比如：

【例2】

(英一2011年text 4)(Para. 2)The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive—and newly single—mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.

(Para. 3)In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the childless. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.

37. We learn from Paragraph 2 that ______.

[A] celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip

[B] single mothers with babies deserve greater attention

[C] news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining

[D] having children is highly valued by the public

本題通過題干識別也是傳統的段落推斷題。該題目是針對原文第二段進行命題的，但是細心的同學會發現，第二段無論是段首句還是段末句都無法幫助鎖定答案。問題就在于原文第二段的三句話都在描述一個現象“名人媽媽頻繁的出現在人們的視野中”。原文第三段首句是一個很關鍵的句子“承上啟下”，所以“In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation”在一個如此頌揚生育的社會里，就是對上段的總結，對應答案D。

綜上，段落推斷題需要各位考生“眼觀六路”，把握住段落重點才行。否則一不小心就跑偏。所以針對此類題目，我們在練習基本思路的同時也要善于處理段落，這樣才能把握段落推斷題。